Standardized Choropleth Map

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A standardized choropleth map is an areally averaged map. Cartographers usually display information by percentages or by density per square mile, which is shown here. This is the United States Population displayed by square mile.

Univariate Choropleth Map

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A univariate chloropleth map displays only one variable on a single map. In this specific case, this map displays one variable, poverty rates in the United States. The darker colors represent the higher percentages and it appears that the south as more individuals living in poverty.

Infrared Aerial Photo

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Infrared aerial photography is able to show wavelengths that fall outside the range of human vision. IR film is commonly used to produce color-infrared photos since we can't see the wavelengths recorded on infrared film. Furthermore, this infrared aerial photo illustrates a picture of a forest taken from above. The red color in the picture represents the shapes and forms of the trees that we wouldn't normally be able to see.

Black and White Aerial Photo

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Aerial photos are another type of remote sensing. Aerial photography is a type of photography in which you take pictures of the ground from an elevated position. Black and white emulsion is sensitive to approximately the same wavelengths as the human eye and therefore, false color isn't necessary since we can already see the wavelengths recorded. This black and aerial photo illustrates Cassat Ave in Jacksonville, Florida (my hometown) which is a suburb, as you can see the houses, trees, roads, and neighborhoods from above.

Lidar Remote Sensing

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Lidar remote sensing uses a laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) instead of radio or microwave radiation. A lidar sensor is associated with the highest features in the landscape. In this specific map's case, the highest feature is the tops of buildings. Lidar is used used to generate elevation maps and identify other landscape characteristics.

PLSS Map

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A PLSS map, which stands for Public Land Survey System, is a type of map that facilitates ownership. It is a way to subdivide and describe land in the United States systematically and fairly. The original PLSS surveys were often marked by wooden stakes or posts, marked trees, pits, or piles of rock, or other less-permanent markers, and therefore were not systematic. A PLSS map begins at an initial point and the north-south line that passes through it is called the prime meridian and the east-west line that passes through it is called the base line.

Doppler Radar

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This doppler radar of South Florida uses a transmitter to emit either radio or microwave radiation and a directional antenna to receive and measure the time of arrival of reflected pulses from distant objects. This radar image illustrates a hurricane that is on top of the South Florida area in 2004.